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DVD Glossary
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Aspect Ratio The ratio of video width to height. The most common aspect ratios are 4:3 and 16:9 (also called wide screen). Authoring The art of programming interactive DVD Videos from the original source materials (ie. video, audio, graphics and text) prior to compression to create DVDs. Bit Rate The speed at which the DVD player processes the information from the disk. Blu-ray disk A disk similar to a CD or DVD with a much greater capacity. Used for storing large amounts of data as well as High Definition video disks. Capturing Uploading video, film, images, audio, etc to a computer system ready for editing. Chapters Chapters are indexes that allow the DVD player operator to skip to a particular section of the video, similar to tracks on an audio CD. Chrominance (C) The colour component (hue and saturation) of light, independent of luminance (brightness). Component video A video system containing three separate color component signals, either red/green/blue (RGB) or chroma/colour difference (YCbCr, YPbPr, YUV), in analog or digital form. Composite video A standard DVD video output signal using a single yellow cable (usually with red and white audio cables) - lower quality than component output. CSS CSS (Content Scrambling System) is a copy-protection mechanism that encrypts the data to prevent it from being read without the proper decryption key. DLT DLT (Digital linear tape) is a digital archive standard using half-inch tape. It can be used for submitting a pre-mastered DVD disc image to DVD Infinity for replication. Dolby Digital (AC-3) Dolby Digital is the standard DVD sound format, capable of containing up to 6 channels (left speaker, right speaker, centre speaker left surround speaker, right surround speaker and subwoofer). The term 5.1 refers to the 5 speakers + .1 for the subwoofer. DTS DTS (Digital Theatre Sound) also utilises six channel (5.1) sound. However, it provides higher quality at the expense of storage space by proving a lighter compression. DVD DVD (originally Digital Versatile Disc but more so now Digital Video Disc) is a term used to describe a variety of optical media read by a red laser and include pressed DVDs (DVD-5, DVD-9, DVD-10, DVD-18, miniDVD) as well as recorded DVDs (DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM). DVD-Audio An audio DVD that utilizes the extra capacity of the DVD to provide higher quality sound than an Audio CD. DVD-ROM DVD discs can also be played on DVD-Video equipped personal computers. In addition to the interactive video, these disks may have web links, games, etc that can only be accessed through a computer. Dual Layer / RSDL Reverse Spiral Dual Layer (RSDL) allows longer movies to fit onto one side of a DVD by writing it on two separate layers. There is sometimes a noticeable pause as the laser commences reading the second layer. Interlace A video scanning system in which alternating lines are transmitted, so that half a picture is displayed each time the scanning beam moves down the screen. An interlaced frame is made of two fields. Letterbox Letterboxing is used to squeeze a widescreen movie into a standard 4:3 screen by shrinking the size of the video and adding black bars above and below the video. Luminance (Y) The brightness of the colour components. Macrovision Macrovision is a copy-protection technique that continually adjusts the video brightness in order to create an inferior copy if copied. MPEG2 MPEG2 (Moving Pictures Expert Group Standard 2) is a video compression standard used for DVD Video compression. NTSC NTSC (National Television Systems Committee) is made up of 525 horizontal lines and has inferior picture quality in comparison to the PAL system. The images play back at 29.97 frames per second. DVD Players from PAL countries can normally play back NTSC DVDs. However, older TVs in these countries may mean that the images are not displayed correctly. PAL PAL (Phase Alternating Line) uses 625 horizontal lines (sharper picture and better colours) and plays back at 25 frames per second. DVD Players from NTSC countries cannot normally play back PAL DVDs. PCM PCM (Pulse-code modulation) sound is an uncompressed two-channel stereo or mono soundtrack. Regional Coding A security system to ensure that DVDs released and sold in one region will not play on DVD machines in other regions. The 8 regions are as follows: Region 0 – All regions Region 1 - Canada, United States and its Territories Region 2 - Japan, Europe, South Africa and the Middle East Region 3 - Southeast Asia and East Asia Region 4 - Australia, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, Central and South America Region 5 - Indian Subcontinent, Former Soviet Union and Africa Region 6 - China Region 7 – Reserved Region 8 – International (aircraft, ships) Regional Coding Enhancement (RCE) RCE is added to some DVDs to stop region 1 (R1) DVDs from playing on Region-free DVD players. RGB Video information in the form of red, green, and blue channels. Subtitles A DVD is capable of up to 32 subtitle tracks. THX THX is a set of quality control standards created by Lucas films. | ||||
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